Over the past few years, some embedding methods have been proposed for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction in various machine learning and pattern classification tasks...
The implementation of word spotting is not an easy procedure and it gets even worse in the case of historical documents since it requires character recognition and indexing of the...
Abstract— Nonlinear mapping is an approach of multidimensional scaling where a high-dimensional space is transformed into a lower-dimensional space such that the topological char...
Auralia I. Edwards, Andries Petrus Engelbrecht, Ne...