nvented abstract representations of value. As time passed, representations of value became more abstract, progressing from barter through bank notes, payment orders, checks, credit...
N. Asokan, Philippe A. Janson, Michael Steiner, Mi...
An electronic cash system allows users to withdraw coins, represented as bit strings, from a bank or broker, and spend those coins anonymously at participating merchants, so that ...
Ivan Osipkov, Eugene Y. Vasserman, Nicholas Hopper...
In this paper we shall introduce a new electronic payment concept based on the popular direct debit payment model, entitled periodical payments. The direct debit model currently i...
For the two last decades, people have tried to provide practical electronic cash schemes, with more or less success. Indeed, the most secure ones generally suffer from inefficiency...
Garment manufacturers usually work with a short vision of the demand to come in the following months. So they want to borrow as little as possible while still making a good profit...