The starting point of this paper is the external surface of a word form, for example the agent-external acoustic perturbations constituting a language sign in speech or the dots o...
Semantic similarity between words or phrases is frequently used to find matching correlations between search queries and documents when straightforward matching of terms fails. Th...
On the Internet, users often encounter noise in the form of spelling errors or unknown words, however, dishonest, unreliable, or biased information also acts as noise that makes i...
Koji Murakami, Eric Nichols, Junta Mizuno, Yotaro ...