Substitution is fundamental to the theory of logic and computation. Is substitution something that we define on syntax on a case-by-case basis, or can we turn the idea of substitut...
Semantic web applications based on the web ontology language (OWL) often require the use of numbers in class descriptions for expressing cardinality restrictions on properties or ...
The practice of first-order logic is replete with meta-level concepts. Most notably there are meta-variables ranging over formulae, variables, and terms, and properties of syntax s...