Non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proof systems are fundamental cryptographic primitives used in many constructions, including CCA2-secure cryptosystems, digital signatures, an...
Pass observed that universal composable zero-knowledge (UCZK) protocols in the common reference string (CRS) model, where a common reference string is selected trustily by a truste...
A zap is a two-round, public coin witness-indistinguishable protocol in which the first round, consisting of a message from the verifier to the prover, can be fixed “once and...
Canetti, Goldreich, Goldwasser, and Micali (STOC 2000) introduced the notion of resettable zeroknowledge proofs, where the protocol must be zero-knowledge even if a cheating veri...