We analyze generalization and learning in XCS with gradient descent. At first, we show that the addition of gradient in XCS may slow down learning because it indirectly decreases...
Pier Luca Lanzi, Martin V. Butz, David E. Goldberg
This paper investigates reinforcement learning (RL) in XCS. First, it formally shows that XCS implements a method of generalized RL based on linear approximators, in which the usu...
On large datasets, the popular training approach has been stochastic gradient descent (SGD). This paper proposes a modification of SGD, called averaged SGD with feedback (ASF), tha...
Schulenburg [15] first proposed the idea to model different trader types by supplying different input information sets to a group of homogenous LCS agent. Gershoff [12] investigat...
We develop a high dimensional nonparametric classification method named sparse additive machine (SAM), which can be viewed as a functional version of support vector machine (SVM)...