We give a simple combinatorial proof of the Chernoff-Hoeffding concentration bound [Che52, Hoe63], which says that the sum of independent {0, 1}-valued random variables is highly ...
The classical direct product theorem for circuits says that if a Boolean function f : {0, 1}n → {0, 1} is somewhat hard to compute on average by small circuits, then the correspo...
Russell Impagliazzo, Ragesh Jaiswal, Valentine Kab...