Abstract— Unlike the terrestrial wireless networks that utilize the radio channel, underwater networks use the acoustic channel, which poses research challenges in the medium acc...
Although there are many MAC protocols that have been proposed for terrestrial wireless networks with a wide variety of aspects, these protocols cannot be applied directly in underw...
—In most existing sender-initiated handshaking based underwater Media Access Control (MAC) protocols, only the initiating sender is allowed to transmit data packets to its intend...