While the backbone networks have experienced substantial changes in the last decade; the access networks have not changed much. Recently, passive optical networks (PONs) seem to be...
Throughput, power consumption, signal integrity, pin count and routing complexity are all increasingly important interconnect issues that the system designer must deal with. Recen...
Advanced optical networks deploy wavelength division multiplexing technology to transport an unprecedented amount of information per fiber. Each optical channel transports informat...
Customers are usually passive in an electronic commerce transaction. Based on a new two times concurrent signature, this article presents a fair electronic payment (E-payment) pro...