To provide personalization and adaptivity in technology enhanced learning systems, the needs of learners have to be known by the system first. Detecting these needs is a challengin...
Cognitive trait model (CTM) is a student model that aims to create profiles of learners’ cognitive traits. Divergent associative learning (DAL) denotes the characteristic of lea...
Past studies indicate that classes that utilize laptop technology in the classroom have higher scores on graded assignments than those who do not. Despite this finding, some stude...