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CHI
2004
ACM

Measuring presence in virtual environments

15 years 16 days ago
Measuring presence in virtual environments
The effectiveness of virtual environments (VEs) has often been linked to the sense of presence reported by users of those VEs. (Presence is defined as the subjective experience of being in one place or environment, even when one is physically situated in another.) We believe that presence is a normal awareness phenomenon that requires directed attention and is based in the interaction between sensory stimulation, environmental factors that encourage involvement and enable immersion, and internal tendencies to become involved. Factors believed to underlie presence were described in the premier issue of Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. We used these factors and others as the basis for a presence questionnaire (PQ) to measure presence in VEs. In addition we developed an immersive tendencies questionnaire (ITQ) to measure differences in the tendencies of individuals to experience presence. These questionnaires are being used to evaluate relationships among reported presen...
Rod McCall, Shaleph O'Neill, Fiona Carroll
Added 01 Dec 2009
Updated 01 Dec 2009
Type Conference
Year 2004
Where CHI
Authors Rod McCall, Shaleph O'Neill, Fiona Carroll
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