We review the applications of artificial life (ALife), the creation of synthetic life on computers to study, simulate, and understand living systems. The definition and features of...
The ongoing paradigm change in the scholarly publication system (`science is turning to e-science') makes it necessary to construct alternative evaluation criteria/metrics wh...
Substantial medical data, such as discharge summaries and operative reports are stored in electronic textual form. Databases containing free-text clinical narratives reports often...
Reputation mechanisms have become an important component of electronic markets, helping to build trust and elicit cooperation among loosely connected and geographically dispersed ...
Plasma process is a highly selective technique exploiting the individual or mixed function of positive ions, electrons, neutral radicals, and photons produced by low temperature p...