Bringing communities of buyers and sellers together in the arena of electronic commerce stimulates three major potentials: the building of trust, the collection and effective use ...
In this paper, we use the exact model (or dynamical system approach) to describe the standard evolutionary algorithm (EA) as a discrete dynamical system for dynamic optimization pr...
Background: The dynamic motions of many proteins are central to their function. It therefore follows that the dynamic requirements of a protein are evolutionary constrained. In or...
—Constrained Genetic Programming (CGP) is a method of searching the Genetic Programming search space non-uniformly, giving preferences to certain subspaces according to some heur...
The prize-collecting Steiner tree problem on a graph with edge costs and vertex profits asks for a subtree minimizing the sum of the total cost of all edges in the subtree plus th...
Gunnar W. Klau, Ivana Ljubic, Andreas Moser, Petra...