Access modifiers like public and private let the programmer control the accessibility of class members. Restricted accessibility supports encapsulation, i.e., the hiding of impleme...
Objects often define usage protocols that clients must follow in order for these objects to work properly. Aliasing makes it notoriously difficult to check whether clients and i...
Omniscient debuggers make it possible to navigate backwards in time within a program execution trace, drastically improving the task of debugging complex applications. Still, they...
Virtual machines (VMs) are commonly used to distribute programs in an architecture-neutral format, which can easily be interpreted or compiled. A long-running question in the desi...
Yunhe Shi, David Gregg, Andrew Beatty, M. Anton Er...
Arrays are the ubiquitous organization for indexed data. Throughout programming language evolution, implementations have laid out arrays contiguously in memory. This layout is pro...
Jennifer B. Sartor, Stephen M. Blackburn, Daniel F...