Understanding conceptual change is an important problem in modeling human cognition and in making integrated AI systems that can learn autonomously. This paper describes a model o...
This paper presents simulations of long-term co-evolution in simple artificial ecosystems composed of different plant species. Artificial plants and plant communities, evolving in ...
Planning, scheduling and effective management of contingencies are crucial for the successful management of construction projects. In this paper we explore a mathematical represen...
In today's global marketplace, the information associated with a product is fast becoming a critical link in the supply chain. Especially in fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs...
Image difference operation is frequently used in automated printed circuit board (PCB) inspection system as well as in many other image processing applications. During the impleme...
Zuwairie Ibrahim, Noor Khafifah Khalid, Ismail Ibr...