Independent component analysis (ICA) is not only popular for blind source separation but also for unsupervised learning when the observations can be decomposed into some independe...
Emotion recognition grows to an important factor in future media retrieval and man machine interfaces. However, even human deciders often experience problems realizing one’s emo...
Recently, Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) have been proposed for phone recognition and were found to achieve highly competitive performance. In the original DBNs, only framelevel info...
Recently, discriminative training (DT) methods have achieved tremendous progress in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this survey article, all mainstream DT methods in speech...
Spoken dialogue systems can be considered knowledge-based systems designed to interact with users using speech in order to provide information or carry out simple tasks. Current s...