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68
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FOCS
1992
IEEE
15 years 1 months ago
Probabilistic Checking of Proofs; A New Characterization of NP
We give a new characterization of NP: the class NP contains exactly those languages L for which membership proofs (a proof that an input x is in L) can be verified probabilisticall...
Sanjeev Arora, Shmuel Safra
COCO
2004
Springer
79views Algorithms» more  COCO 2004»
15 years 2 months ago
Relativized NP Search Problems and Propositional Proof Systems
An NP search problem is the problems of finding a witness to the given NP predicate, and TFNP is the class of total NP search problems. TFNP contains a number of subclasses conta...
Josh Buresh-Oppenheim, Tsuyoshi Morioka
87
Voted
FOCS
1992
IEEE
15 years 1 months ago
Proof Verification and Hardness of Approximation Problems
The class PCP(f(n), g(n)) consists of all languages L for which there exists a polynomial-time probabilistic oracle machine that uses O(f(n)) random bits, queries O(g(n)) bits of ...
Sanjeev Arora, Carsten Lund, Rajeev Motwani, Madhu...
80
Voted
STACS
2001
Springer
15 years 1 months ago
Small PCPs with Low Query Complexity
Most known constructions of probabilistically checkable proofs (PCPs) either blow up the proof size by a large polynomial, or have a high (though constant) query complexity. In thi...
Prahladh Harsha, Madhu Sudan
STOC
2006
ACM
115views Algorithms» more  STOC 2006»
15 years 9 months ago
Zero knowledge with efficient provers
We prove that every problem in NP that has a zero-knowledge proof also has a zero-knowledge proof where the prover can be implemented in probabilistic polynomial time given an NP ...
Minh-Huyen Nguyen, Salil P. Vadhan