A mathematical formula containing one or more free variables is "general" in the sense that it represents the solution to all instances of a problem (instead of just the...
John R. Koza, Martin A. Keane, Jessen Yu, William ...
Real-time, adaptive control is a difficult problem that can be addressed by EC architectures. We are interested in incorporating into an EC architecture some of the features that ...
This paper introduces a new collective learning genetic algorithm (CLGA) which employs individual learning to do intelligent recombination based on a cooperative exchange of knowl...
In earlier work we predicted program size would grow in the limit at a quadratic rate and up to fty generations we measured bloat O(generations1:2;1:5). On two simple benchmarks w...
This paper investigates fitness sharing in genetic programming. Implicit fitness sharing is applied to populations of programs. Three treatments are compared: raw fitness, pure fi...