Affect plays a central role in learning. Students’ facial expressions are key indicators of affective states and recent work has increasingly used automated facial expression tra...
Joseph F. Grafsgaard, Seung Y. Lee, Bradford W. Mo...
Supporting students during learning tasks is the main goal of intelligent tutoring systems, and the most effective systems can adapt to students based on a model of their current s...
Instructional planning (IP) technology has begun to reach large online environments. However, many approaches rely on having centralized metadata structures about the learning obje...
This paper introduces learner model negotiation not only as a means to increase the accuracy of the learner model and promote metacognitive activities as in past examples, but also...